Who created a camera that films and projects?

• A. Lumiere Brothers
• B. George Eastman
• C. George Melies
• D. Thomas Edison

Answer: (A)

The modern idea of a single device that both records motion and shows it to an audience comes from the Cinématographe, invented by the Lumière brothers. This machine did three jobs in one: it filmed scenes, advanced the film through the camera, and then projected the same film onto a screen for spectators. Its portability and efficiency made it practical for public screenings in 1895 and helped establish film as a medium for both capturing and presenting moving pictures.

George Eastman focused on film stock and cameras for capturing images, not on a combined recording-and-projecting device. Thomas Edison contributed important projection technology (and the Kinetoscope for individual viewing), but not a single tool that both films and projects. George Melies was a filmmaker who used cameras and invented many tricks and narrative techniques, yet he didn’t create a device that inherently handles both filming and projecting in one apparatus.