Which filmmaker is associated with making the camera that can both film and project?

• A. Lumiere Brothers
• B. George Eastman
• C. George Melies
• D. Thomas Edison

Answer: (A)

The main idea is recognizing the device that could both record motion and show it to an audience. The Lumière brothers built the Cinématographe, a lightweight, hand-cranked machine that served as camera, film printer, and projector all in one. This made public screenings practical and helped establish cinema as a mass medium. George Eastman contributed the development of flexible film stock with Kodak, but he didn’t create a combined recording-and-projecting device. George Melies was a filmmaker famous for narrative storytelling and trick effects, not for inventing a camera-projection machine. Thomas Edison developed the Kinetoscope, a viewing device for individual spectators, and the Kinetograph, an early motion-picture camera, but not a device that could both film and project.